Eastern India is home to the Indian state of Odisha, which served as the official name up until 2011. By area, it is the eighth-largest state, and by population, it is the eleventh-largest. The number of scheduled tribes in the state is the third highest in all of India. It shares borders with the states of Andhra Pradesh to the south, Jharkhand to the north, West Bengal to the west, and Jharkhand to the north. Odisha's coastline stretches for 485 kilometers (301 mi) along the Indian Ocean's Bay of Bengal. The area is also referred to as Utkala, and the national song of India, "Jana Gana Mana," makes reference to it. The official language of Odisha is Odia, one of India's classical languages. The borders of contemporary Odisha overlap with those of the ancient kingdom of Kalinga, which was invaded by the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka in 261 BCE (and reclaimed from them by King Kharavela) and led to the Kalinga War. When Orissa Province, which included the Odia-speaking areas of Bihar and Orissa Province, was founded on 1 April 1936, the British Indian administration drew the boundaries of the modern state of Odisha. Utkala Dibasa/Odisha Day is observed on the first day of April. Anantavarman Chodaganga established Cuttack as the region's capital sometime after 1135, and other kings continued to do so until the British era and until 1948. Bhubaneswar then took over as the state's capital. Odisha has the 16th-largest state economy in India with a gross domestic product of 5.86 trillion rupees (US$73 billion) and a per capita GDP of 127,383 (US$1,600). According to the Human Development Index, Odisha is the 32nd-ranked Indian state.
